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Go to Page# 1 2 3 Customizing Kubuntu (04/07/2012)
... Since Kubuntu is a multidesktop system, each desktop can have the same background, a different one, or even be sized differently. This system offers many opportunities for great customization. The behavior section allows the user to customize how the desktop behaves. Want icons on the desktop? Want a menu bar at the top of the screen? How does the mouse behave? Along with these options the user can choose what types of icons are used for each application and association. Interested in using multiple desktops? How about 20 of them? Any user can organize desktops based on tasks, thus grouping applications together based on the current task one is working.... History of Kubuntu (04/06/2012)
... A lot of changes needed to be made to get Kubuntu working correctly. A hardware-accessible library needed to be changed. Programs and packages needed to be created, along with a clean K-menu changed to fit the philosophy of Ubuntu. And along the way more people needed to join the project. It was a conscious decision to keep the default KDE colors and icons in order to remain as close to KDE as possible.... Installing Kubuntu (04/06/2012)
... The first is the Desktop CD that allows the user to test and run Kubuntu without changing any settings. The second is the actual installer. New to Kubuntu 6.06, the Desktop CD will come with an installer so you will not have to download a separate version if everything tests successfully. A good way to demonstrate the power of Kubuntu is to show it off with the desktop CD, and when your friends like it install it for them.... Root iNode Corruption Cause Data Loss in Linux (02/10/2012)
... At this point, you might encounter below error message: "Root iNode is not a directory. Clear?" This behavior of Linux operating system renders all of your critical data on hard drive inaccessible and results into serious data loss situations. In order to salvage data from affected drive, you need to carry out data recovery linux by sorting out the problem. Root of the issue This problem occurs due to corruption to the root iNode of your Linux computer. The iNode is a critical data structure of Linux file systems that stores all critical information of the files and directories that are currently stored on the hard drive.... LINUX r Services (09/04/2011)
... The r services are very popular with end-users and administrators, as manual entry of the password is not required (unlike with TELNET). Unfortunately, they are terminally insecure. r Services Risks Security of the r services is based on an extremely weak authentication model. Authentication is based on weak credentials, the source IP and TCP port. The source IP and TCP port can be forged.... Short History of Ubuntu (01/25/2010)
... He attended Diocesan College and obtained a business science degree in finance and information systems at the University of Cape Town. During this period, he was an avid computer hobbyist and became involved with the free and Open Source software community. He was at least marginally involved in both the Apache project and the Debian project and was the first person to upload the Apache Web server, perhaps the single most important piece of server software on GNU/Linux platforms, into the Debian project's archives. Seeing an opportunity in the early days of the Web, Shuttleworth founded a certificate authority and Internet security company called Thawte in his garage. Over the course of several years, he built Thawte into the second largest certificate authority on the Internet, trailing only the security behemoth Verisign.... Free Open source Software and GNU Linux (01/25/2010)
... He was concerned with computer users' ability to be good neighbors and members of what he thought was an ethical and efficient computer-user community. To fight against this negative tide, Stallman articulated a vision for a community that developed liberated codein his words, "free software." He defined "free software" as software that had the following four characteristicslabeled from zero through three instead of one through four as a computer programmer's joke:The freedom to run the program for any purpose (freedom 0)The freedom to study how the program works and adapt it to your needs (freedom 1)The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2)The freedom to improve the program and release your improvements to the public so that the whole community benefits (freedom 3)Access to source codethe human-readable and modifiable blueprints of any piece of software that can be distinguished from the computer-readable version of the code that most software is distributed asis a prerequisite to freedoms one and three. In addition to releasing this definition of free software, Stallman created a project with the goal of creating a completely "free" OS to replace the then-popular UNIX. In 1984, Stallman announced this project and called it "GNU"another joke in the form of a recursive acronym for "GNU's Not UNIX.... Choose an Ubuntu Version (01/25/2010)
... With this CD you boot into an installer and then run Ubuntu when the installation is complete. When you have decided which type of CD to use, you now need to choose the correct computer architecture. Both the live and install disks support each of the following types of computer. PC: If you have an Intel 386, 486, Xeon, or Pentium class processor, you should choose the PC version. You can also use this for all AMD processors other than AMD64.... Customize Ubuntu Look and Feel (01/25/2010)
... The built-in theming system can make your applications look radically different, and Ubuntu ships a number of themes with it that you can try. Choosing a New Theme To choose a new theme click System > Preferences > Theme. Inside the dialog box that pops up are a number of themes that you can choose. Just click on a theme and the desktop will be adjusted automatically. You can further customize your theme by clicking the Theme Details button.... Configuring a Printer in Ubuntu (01/25/2010)
... Notice that no printers are defined. You are about to change this. Gathering Information The most important thing to remember when configuring a printer is to not get ahead of yourself. Before you start clicking on icons and running anything, make sure that you have completed the following steps: Obtain the make and model of the printer. In the example below, a Lexmark Z33 will be added.... Working with Windows from inside Ubuntu (01/25/2010)
... To do this, press Alt-F2, and type winecfg. This small program sets up your Wine environment and provides some options for configuring how your Wine system is run. The default settings should be suitable for most applications. Running Applications To run an application right-click it, and select Open with Wine Windows Emulator. Most Windows applications need to be installed before use, so first right-click the setup program, and run it under Wine.... Hardening the System with Bastille and Functions (11/18/2008)
...Bastille FunctionsThe following list highlights the security features offered by Bastille to secure your system.You will choose which feature you want to implement on your system during the question-and-answer period. For example, many servers do not need to provide firewall or Network Address Translation (NAT), so you may not need to configure ipchains.This list may vary as new versions of Bastille are released and the program becomes more powerful. More information about eachof these features is explained in the program.... Using GPG and Md5sum to Verify Signatures on Tarball Packages (11/18/2008)
...gz.You will then receive a message either that the signature is good, or that the public key cannot be found. If the public key cannot be found, you must obtain another public key, or you will not be able to verify who owns the package.Using Md5sumSometimes, a developer will use the md5sum command to generate a hash of the file.You can use this hash and the md5sum command to ensure that the file has not been altered.... Red Hat Linux Errata: Fixes and Advisories (11/18/2008)
... Bug fixes provide a fix to specific issues, such as a certain error message that may occur when completing an operating system task. Bug fixes should only be installed if your system experiences a specific problem. Another helpful resource is Bugzilla, the Red Hat bug-tracking system at http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla.... Locking Down Ports Under Linux (11/18/2008)
... For example, SMTP is assigned port 25, and HTTP is assigned port 80. Servers listen on the network for requests at the well-known ports. Registered ports are temporary ports, usually used by clients, and will vary each time a service is used. Registered ports are also called ephemeral ports, because they last for only a brief time.The port is then abandoned and can be used by other services.... Manually Disabling Unnecessary Services and Ports in Linux (11/12/2008)
... Remember, you are removing risk when you remove unnecessary services.The xinetd.conf FileThe /etc/xinetd.conf file (previously the inetd.conf file) controls many Unix services, including File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Telnet.... What is the GNU Debugger (01/05/2008)
... Inspect an existing core file to determine the state of the process when it was killed. To inspect a core file, start gdb with the command gdb progname corefile. Before you run a program or attach to an already-running program, you can set breakpoints, list source code, and do anything else that does not necessarily involve a running process. Gdb does not require that you type entire command names; r suffices for run, n for next, s for step. Furthermore, to repeat the most recent command, simply hit Return.... Development of Linux (01/05/2008)
... The GNU project's source base became an extremely important resource for the Linux community from which to build a complete system. Although significant portions of Linux-based systems are derived from sources that include freely available Unix code from the University of California at Berkeley and the X Consortium, many important parts of a functional Linux system come directly from the GNU project. As Linux matured, some individuals, and later, companies, focused on easing the installation and usability of Linux systems for new users by creating packages, called distributions, of the Linux kernel and a reasonably complete set of utilities that together constituted a full operating system. In addition to the Linux kernel, a Linux distribution contains development libraries, compilers, interpreters, shells, applications, utilities, graphical operating environments, and configuration tools, along with many other components. When a Linux system is built, distribution developers collect the components from a variety of places to create a complete collection of all the software components that are necessary for a functional Linux system.... Go to Page# 1 2 3 |
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Static Libraries - Static libraries are simply collections of object files arranged by the ar (archiver) utility. ar collects object files into one archive file and adds a table that tells which object fil (more...)
Building Shared Libraries - Once you have grasped the concept of sonames, the rest is easy. Just follow a few simple rules.
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A FEW QUICK TIPS FOR OPENBSD - The purpose of this article is to give a few useful tips for OpenBSD including information on how to make a bootable CD from the OpenBSD files downloadable on the Internet.
The BSD (more...)
Designing Shared Libraries - Building shared libraries is only marginally harder than building normal static libraries. There are a few constraints, all of which are easy to manage. There is also one major feature, designe (more...)
Shared Libraries - Shared libraries have several advantages over static libraries:
Linux shares the memory used for executable code among all the processes that use the shared library, s (more...)
Minimizing the Risk for Software Attack under Linux Platforms - One of the best strategies for making a program secure against attempts to exploit their privileges is to make the parts of a program that can be attacked as simple as possible. While this st (more...)
Installing Shared Libraries - The ldconfig program does all the hard work of installing a shared library. You just need to put the files in place and run ldconfig. Follow these steps:
(more...)
Using Shared Libraries - The easiest way to use a shared library is to ignore the fact that it is a shared library. The C compiler automatically uses shared libraries instead of static ones unless it is explicitly told (more...)
Disabling Network Services in UNIX/LINUX - Do you know what network services are enabled on your systems? Many administrators simply don't know. They've never bothered to question it—they never thought it was a problem. Hopefully (more...)
The Risks of Running Network Services - Standard UNIX distributions ship with a raft of network services. That should come as no surprise—after all, they are sold as general-purpose operating systems. Unfortunately, all distr (more...)
Privileged Ports of a UNIX machine - Programs written to listen on a port number lower than 1024 must be executed with root privilege (that is, UID 0). This rule protects sensitive system services because these run on ports lower (more...)
Rootkits and Defenses - Our contemplation of filesystem security isn't complete without a mention of rootkits.
After a successful root compromise, attackers might upload and install a rootkit, which is a collect (more...)
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